Guard for cut-off saws



ff f

l. M. LEAVER, In.

GUARD FOR CUT-OFF ASAWS. APPLICATION FILED APRn 114. 1917..

1,41 1,045 Patented Mar. 28, 1922.

7 SHEETS-SHEET l.

J my J0 taz W WITN ESSES vBY ATTO R N EY J. M. LEAVER, JR.

GUARD FOR CUT-OFF SAWS.

nlrPLlcATloN man APR. 14, 1911.

' 1,41 1,0115. Panted Mar. 2s, 1922.

I SHEETS-SHEET 2.

NEN-FOR,

,wl-f NEssEs ATTORNEY J. M. LEAVER, la.

GUARD FOR CUT-OFF SAWS.

APPLICATION FILED APR. I4. 1917.

Patented Mar. 28, 1922.

7 SHEETS-SHEET 3- ,6 III Illlllllll I III-vcr@ WIITNESSES ATTOR N EY J. IVI. LEAVER,1R.

l GUARD FOR CUT-.OFF SAWS. APPLICAUON FILED 11211114.1911.

Patented Mar. 28, 1922..

I 7 SHEETS-SHEET 4 INVENTOR) WITNESSES l. M. LEAVER,1II.

GUARD FOR CUT-OFF SAWS.

APPLICATION FILED Am. I4, 1911.

1,411,045. I Patented Ma1-.28,1922.

7 sIIEE'Ts-SIIEET 1.

VVV-TN ESSES MW JAMES MARSHALL LEAVER, JR., or QAKLAND, CALIFORNIA.

harinas.

Be it known that I, JAMEsM. LEAVER, Jr., aw'citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at Qalrland, in ythe county of 'Alameda and State of` California, have invented a new and usefulGuard for Cut-0lf Saws, of which the following isa specification. 4 e

:This invention has reference to guards, particularlyfor cut-,off saws, and its object is to provide a complete protection for an operator, so that vliability of injury freni the active saw is practically eliminated.

ln accordance with the invention the saw -is furnished with a guard,and both the saw and guard are bodily movable toward and from each other in such timed relation that thesaw'tableis freev from impediment to the placing of thework` in adeinite position, then theguard ismoved `into* place soas to effectively protect the operator from the saw, and finally the saw is advanced to the work to cut the .latter with the 'guard thoroughly protecting the loperator from contactV with` the saw. i In returning the` parts to theirstor 4 inoperative position thesaw and guard are Vmoved in order with theysaw being with-r drawn so asto be out of position-,to harm the operator, yandthen the guard is moved in a direction .to permit the work to be presented into position yfor actionby thesaw.

Thearrangement "is such that. the timed relation of thesfaw andfguard is `always maintained, both the saw andguardv'moving towardand from operative position so that i thev operator at no time feeds thework to the saw and at no time'can come insuch exposed proximity to the saw as to be .liable toI injury therefrom.

The invention will be best understood from a consideration of vthe following de- 'tailed description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings forming part of this specification, with .the further under standing that while the drawingsl show a practical form of the` invention, the latter is notlconiined to any strict conformity with thev showing of the drawings, but may be changed and modified so long as `suoli changesand ,modifications come'within the scope of the appended claims.`

in the drawings z`- Figure l is an end elevation'of aI sawing machine with one form of guard applied.

Specification of LettersPatent.vv

` Figure 2 is al plan View ofthe 'machine of Figure 1g" I l" 5 Figure 3 ris an `elevation ators side of the machine. i I

`Figures A tand 5 are detail views showing different positionsof a clutch structurev used inthe machine.

from the oper- Figure 6 is a viewsimilar to Figure l but showing another form of guard.k e

Figure 7 is a View similar to Figure but illustrating the guard shown in Figure 6.

's VFigure 8 is a plan View of the structure of Figure 6. i

y Figure 9 is a detail View of the operators treadle and` gearing associated therewith. y

. Figure `l0 is a View similar to Figures l and "6 but showing still anotherform fof guard. i

Figure ll is a view similar to Figures 3' and? butseen from thelo'pposite side ofthev machine and illustrating the guard of FigurelO.k

Figure `12 isa plan viewfofthefrnachine'` of Figure l0.

Figure 13 is a detailsection on the line l3-13 of Figure 10. i

Figure "14` is alview .similar to Figure 1 but showingthefe'ed ofthe saw opposite to that of Figure l.

Referring to the drawings there is" shownr y e Patented Mar. 28, `1922.1 Appiicaiimi fue@ Apriiifi, 1917.` 'seriaiiva 162,084..`

a main frame l which may be 'of webv and d flange construction' after the customary practice, Aor it maybe 'made in any suitable niannerpfor the purposes of the invention."

The main frame carries a table2 constitutv-l ing the saw table.

c Onithe table either near or opposite the operators side thereof thereisr secured an elongated stop bar 3 against which the work operator, such workbeing lindicated at4 in certain of, thef to be'cut is placedfby the figures of the drawing.

There is provided a saw'arbor extending beyond one end of the frame l and there carrying a circular saw 6, which for the purposes of the invention is tobe considered as a cross cut saw. The sawarbor is mount` ed on one end of eachy of two arms 7 carried intermediately of their `lengthenr journals 8 mounted in journal boxes 9, The arms 7 have the en ds remotefrom the 'saw arbor so constructed as'to overbalance the saw, thus ii'iipartingl toit a tendeneyto rock upon the 8 or'to I fromV the stop 3..is

nentguard,28. 1 1 a he guard 27 when moved. to a substafntially horizontal=position has a` freergend Y f rightlposition Yas 24 extends `beyond,

vthe shaft Vthere is made fast journals 8V as Var'raxi's'."i Fast to the journals the arms 7, as the case may be, are pulleys or sprockets 10 to each of which is connected a strap or. chain or other flexible j strand 11.

Fast on the saw arbor is a pulley 12 driven"v by Va belt 13 ultimately engaging another pulley 14'1nounted on l a yshaft 15' carried by journal blocksV 16 at agsuitable portion of the frame 1, and preferably ata low part thereof. The shaft 1 5V carries another pulT ley 17 to beengaged by a drive belt '18 coming from a suitablesource of power. l

Rockarms 19 vareV mounted on and rise from thetshaft 15 and carryother pulleysV 20,121 overwhich the beltn13 travels, and

Y A i by means of which tension is imparted to the belt 13.to drive the saw under circumstances to be described.` if 3 Links 22V connect the saw arborV 5 to brackets 23 carried lthearmsl) near'the upper ends of the latter., thesearms being approximately upright iny the showing vofthe drawings. 1 f- Mounted on top f of the table 2 in the structure of' FigureV 1,.near the end remote a rock shaft 24 ournaled in journal bearings 25'.V 011e end of the shaft that side of the table 2 remote from the saw, and there has fast to it a rock arm 26,; while at the "other end of to vit a guard 27 of alengt-h to extendvto about the stop 3. Fast to the frame 1is a y so positioned as to permanently house a portion of the saw 6, the guard 28k being in an u right osition on thevo erators side of P e P P the. frame 1 and of'thetable2, so as to effec# Y tively protect the operator fromengagementi witlrthe saw where Vcovered by the permav29 shaped' to*` engage witha lcorresponding endg30. of the guard 28, and thus provide a continuous guard with thelportion v27 over@ ridingjthe saw. IThezmovable guard27,

I whenin engagement Vwithflthe upper end of the fixed Iguard 28, forms a substantially Lfshapedlguarding means for'the Saw.'

In `order to `rock the guard 27 from' an upi urelfto a Ysubstantially horizontal position j asshowni in dotted lines in "this'l-ink 31 is thereppivoted tothe of a rockarm32 mounted on shaftf33 exs,V

ofthe .frame 1.j-. Y that when the guard Figure 1,-the're is provided 'a ilink 31 journaled at oneend upon the free endof the rockV arm V26. The

link31-'is ofaglength .to extend to near the remote frornthesawand sawV p 4 freefend tending through Vand journaled y in the Vends 27 is upright the v'arm lat oneend with ratchet teeth 35, while thefixed guard 28 Vof the slot 48 remote l In Vthe path'of the shown in` full lines of Fig-.-

, having one end 58 fast to the'table'2 or some other fixed part of the machine,rwhile Vthe other end59 ofthe'spring isY secured to a piniGOLprojectingfrom the arm 36, thearthatV the spring` l57 The arrangement issueh 26 approachesa pendent position. and the arm 32 is then approximatelyhorizontal.

The arm 32.is not permanently fast to the shaft .333, but is vcapable of rocking thereon, said arm 3 2 having a hub portion 34 formed shaft 33 has matching teeth 36, whereby the teeth35 .and 36 serve as a one-way clutch. The shaft 33 is extended beyond the hub 34 and there lprovided with a head 37 between which and the hub 34 the shaft carries a spring 38 tending' to 'force the teeth 35 into engagementwith the teeth 36..

Mounted onfthe frame 1 in the path of the arm 32 as it approaches any upright position is 'a block39 so'V positioned that when the arm 32 is'moved toward the upright position it will engage the wedge block 39, whereby the teeth35 aremovedi away from thel teeth 36. The parts are vso proportioned that this occurs just' as' the arm 32 and the link 31 comeinto alinement, and the end 29 of the guard 27 Vmeets the end 30 'of the gua-rd' 28. The result isfthat because ofthe alinement link 31Y is provided with a projecting V'stop 40, and pivoted by apivot pin 41 or otherwise to lthe arm`19 is a bar 42 having a notch 43 in the path ofthe pin 40. VThe bar' 42 has the end remote from the pivot 41 extended through aguidev strap 44 fast to the frame Land this' strap houses a roller V45 in position to engage behind a shoulder 46jformed in` one edge of the-bar 42, while said ,bar is extended into a manipulating handle 47 rfor a purpose `to be described. The bar. 42 is provided with a longitudinal slot 48 for the pin 41, and betweenthe pin 41 and the end from the vhandle 47 49 Vtending to yield there is lodged'ajspring 19 withY reference to movementlof the arm tothe bar`42. Y y

' Journaledin the frame 1 at a suitable low point thereofis another rock shaft 50 provided with a treadle 51 projectingr on the op; erators side of the frame 1. The shaft V5() has fast thereto a gear segment 52 normally in mesh with a pinion 53 V.on the'shaft 33.

teeth ofthe segment 52 is. another pinion 54.011 a shaft 55 journaled Vin Vthe frame 1 and carrying pulleys or sprockets 56, to which the iiex'ibleV strands 11 are made fast, it being assumed that 'there are twosuch strands,.although it is immaterial for the v purposes of this invention whether vone' or two strands be used. Y

Coil'ed about thel 1shaft24is aspring 57 rangement being vsuch 4tends at all times to lift the guard 27 and is placed under superior tension when the guard is lowered, wherefore as soon as the lock between the arm 32 and link 31. is broken by moving these parts out of alinement, the spring 57 will raise the guard.

The gear segment or quadrant 52 has fast thereto a finger `61 so positioned'as to engage a pin 62 on the pinion 54, thusinsuring the proper meshing of the teeth of the segment 52 with the teeth of the pinion 54, since in the normal position of the yparts the teeth of the segment 52 are spaced some distance fromthe pinion 54 and in the absence of the finger 61 and pin 62 might tail to properly mesh. i i v The description has so tar been applied in the main to the structure ofFigure 1, but in many respects willapply equally well to the structures of Figures 6 and 10, and inso iar as the structures are alike the same reference numerals are applied. A

The structures of Figuresl, 6 and 10 ditler lin the form of sawv guard, `and such structural changes as are( necessary to adapt the machine for the different forms of saw guard. In all forms of the invention, a movable guard section cooperates with a fixed guard section, the former lying wholly above the saw table and movable toward and from the work. f

To facilitate the understanding of the structures of Figures 6 and 10 'the operation of the machine of Figure 1 ywill iirst be described. y i

\When the parts are in the position shown in full lines in Figure 1 with the saw lowered below the level of the top of the table 2 and with the guard 28'protecting the operator from possible contact with the saw at the operators side of the machine, access is had to the top of the 'table because in such position of the parts as shown in full lines in Figure 1 the guard 27` is well out ci' the way, being then in a substantially upright position.

The operator places the Work 4 from which it is desired to cut oi' a piece on the table and adjusts it against the stop 3. Now, the operator by pressing his foot upon the treadle 51 lowers the latter, causing the segment 52 to rotate the pinion 53, thus swinging the arm 32 toward the upright position, raising the link 31 and thereby rockingthe arm 26 in a direction to lower the guard 27 on to the work 4, thereby clamping the work and at the same time bringing the guard directly over the saw, so that it constitutes a continuation ofthe guard 428 and covering the saw from possible contact therewith by the operator. As soon as this action of the parts is completed the wedge block 39 disconnects the arm 32 from shaft 33 `and then a further depression of thc' treadle 51 causes the segment 52 to mesh with the pinion 54, the proper meshing of the teeth being insured by theiinger 61 and pin 62, whereupon a rotative movement is imparted to the shaft 55 and the pulley or pulleys 56 carried thereby. This causes the winding' of the strand 11 upon the pulley 56 and a .corresponding turning of the pulley 10, withthe result that `the arms 7 are rocked in a manner to raise the saw arbor 5 and saw 6 about the axis of the shaft 8 as shown in dotted lines, Figs. 1 and 14. rlhesaw being assumed to be in rotation, is carried upwardly and horizontally through the work then clamped upon the table 2, and the work is severed as desired. The saw, however, is at the time covered by the guard 27, which also serves as a clamp and the saw is both out ot sight and out of reach of the operator. The guard covers the fsaw blade in its full length oi stroke and works with reference to the horizontal movement oi" the saw.

vWhen the saw is elevated as described, the links 22 `move with the saw arbor in a direction to rock the arms 19, so as to maintain the belt 13 taut, or to bring it into such taut position as to rotate the saw in the same manner as 4occurs when a belt tightener is used. `'lherocking of the arms 19 causes a correspending movement of the rod 42 which at the time is underridden by thepin 40, and this rod is moved until the notch 43 engages behind the pin 4() `and the-shoulder 46 engages behind` the roller 45. WVhen the operator releases the pedal 51 the return of the f saw to the lower position causes the arms 19 to swing in a direction to move the rod 42 so as to engage the pin 40 and push the link 31 out of alinement with the arm 32, thus breakingthe lock and at the same time the shoul- Yder 46 rides up over the roller 45, `thus lifting the rod 42 away from the pin 40. The return movement is then completed bythe spring 57 raising the guard 27, while the saw and parts associated therewith all return to the first position.

The arrangement is such that the parts all act in timedrelation andthere is a certain sequence of action. Before the work is placed on the table the treadle 51 may be assumed to be in the raised or full-line position in Figure 1. Then after placing the work the irst movement of the treadle under relation to the work and in covering relation to thepath oit the saw. After this is accomplished a further downward movementI of while the saw is at work protects the opera-- tor from any harm whatever. The return movements 4of the parts to normal or `inopllO 'the impulse imparted thereto by the operator is to bring the guard 27 into clamping the saw.

erative position is in reverse sequential order. V

It is an importantfeature of the invention that the guard is in the completely closed or protective position before the saw starts toward the work or completes its forward action. VIn other words, the guard is moved down over the work prior to Vany action or movement of the saw and independently of Itis set and locked before any movement of the saw can take place. The complete coveringv or housing of the saw in its travel yeliminates all possibility of accident.

The guard not only acts in its protective feat-ure, but serves as a clamp for holding thework and as a cutting anvil, when the saw is so` arranged asv to move upwardlyto the work, thus preventing the work from being disturbed. `Furthermore, the guard serves as a sawdust hood, greatly facilitating the removal of sawdust by suction apparatus such asis customarily employed.

rSincethe `arms between the treadleY and the saw guard and between the treadle and the sawfeeding means may be set at any desired angle, the parts may be made to, act Ato `each perform its full 0operation before the knext part comes into operationor these operations may be made to overlap more or less. `The full operation, of the saw guard before the saw itself is preferable one. It should be noted that foot pressure provides thepowerfrequired to operate the guard before any power is required to operate the saw, thereby providing two independent operations and insuring the full pressure of the foot to operate the saw.

While in Figure 1 `the arrangment is such thatthe saw in its active movementtravels upwardly, it will be understood that the same principles may be applied to a machine in which the saw is caused to travel in other paths.

Nor is it necessary that the saw guard operate from what may be termed. the rear of the machine, Vthisbeingthe portion of the machine remote from thefoperator, since the guard may be caused to operate in other directions as may be found advisable by the manufacturer, or to suit-ideas of the operator.

`While the machine is shownas under the. control of an operator through the medium of a treadle, other means may be employed for causing the movements of the saw Vand guard to accomplish the purposes of the invention. Y Y

Instead of employing a swinging guard as .shownin Figure 1 and associated figures, the

Y vguard 27 may be mounted on theupper end of an upright slide 64 connected by a pin 65 on the slide 611 toa rock arm 66 through an elongated and `longitudinally ,extendedslot 67 in the arm. There is also provided a rock brought into action -iscthe' Ywhich may belocatedatthe. endV of the shaft remote from the farm* 66. fThearm 70 has the link 31 fast thereto` and the `remainder ofthe mechanism for operatingthe link vand saw may bethe same Vas inqFigure 1. Insteadof providing a .spring like the springy 57l ofthe structure of Figurel for returning the guard to the open `or inoperative position, therev is provided -a spring 1 fast at Vone 'endl tothe arm 70 and .atfthe otherend to` af'bracket72 on the frame 71, the.,tendc-incyof thecspring 71 being the same as Vthe spring 57 of Figure 1. The only difference in 'actionbetweenthe structure of Figure and .Figure 1 isthat the guard- 27 moves in a straightline toward and'from. the work 4L instead ofswinging in an arc,V y Y `In the structure ofFigure 10` thereiisprovided a guard 27 somewhat longer than the guard Q7 of either Figurel or Figure 6, and

this guard 1s mountedlupon guide rollers 7 3 carried' by a bracket 'flierectedon-the'table 2.v A,A triangular arrangement ofthe-rollers 73 is sufiicient to'guide and sustain the guard 27 in movements i llengthwise gof; thewguar'd, and theserollers73 have peripheral grooves 7 ftherein engaging flanges 76,177 lengtlr wise of the guard 27l at one side thereof.-

A bracket78 ismadefast-tothe Aframe 1 below ,the guard 27a and this bracket carries .a rock `shaft k79 with oppositely directed arms 80, '81, respectively, the arm S() having near V'its free end a longitudinal slot '82 through which projects a pin Y63 on `the guard 27a. :Thefree'end ofthe arm 81 is connected byeanY appropriately shaped link 84 in turn Vconnected to the arm S2. A spring S5 connectedgat one*I end to the arm 81 and at the other end to a fixed part of the frame 1 .serves vthe 7 same purpose as Y`the spring 57k of Figurel.

The` structurelshown in Figure tHis substantiallyV the same as that described with referencefto 1F igure '1, whereforethe same reference numerals are used. The onlyV difference is that thestop andthesaw 6 in its retracted position-areon'theside ofthe table 2: remote from theoperator. The ,op-

eration of` the saw-rand. guard ris the rvsame as in Figure 1, exceptthat the saw is fed to'- ward the operator instead of awayfromy him and the operator must reach across the table 2 to place the work .against the` stop 3.

It willl be understood from theshowing of Figure 14 that the feed ofithersaw Aandthe location ofthe work-stop Vmay be similarly changed in the structures of Figures 6 and 10. Furthermore,4` some` orV yall of vthe guard features are capable of `incoi'poration in other forms of `sawv machines' than V,those shown in the drawings. g f f VNo claim isV made in this application to the 55 f to the Work completed before the engagestructure ofthe saw machine per se, since such machine is shown, described and claimed in another application, Serial No. 165,174, iiled April` 28, 1917, for intermittent and-oscillatory cut ofi saw machine.

What is claimed iscf 1. A sawing machine provided `with a sawand a guard therefor, and manipula-ting means for and common to the saw and guard for moving them toward and from Work located on the machine, said manipulating means including separate and independent connections to the saw and guard `respectively, whereby either the saw or the guard may be moved by themanipulating means toward or from'the Work Without movingthe other.

2. A sawing machine provided with a saw and a guard therefor, and manipulating means for and common to the saw and guard for moving them toivard and from Work located on the machine, said manipulating means including separate and independent connections to the saw and guard respectively, and the connections to the guard including means for locking the latter in holding relation to the Work, whereby either the saw or the guard may be moved by the manipulating means toward and from the work without moving the other, with the guard held against movement While the savv is moving toward and from the Work.

3. A sawing machine provided with a saw and a guard therefor, and 'manipulating means for and common to the saw and guard for moving them toward and from work located on the machine, said manipulating means including separate and independent connections to 'the sawand guard respectively, With the connections timed in operal. tion to move the guard and saw. in sequence by a progressive movement of the manipulating means With the guard completing its movement toward the Work prior `to `the starting of the saw toward the Work.

- 4. A sawing machine provided with a saw and a guard therefor, a treadle, connections to the guard controlled by the treadle for moving the guard into position tohold Work on the machine, and other connectionscontrolled by the treadle for moving the saiv` into engagement with the work, the actuation of the guard and saw by the treadle being timed to act in sequence with the full movement of the guard into holding relation ment of the saw with the Work.

5. A sawing machine provided with a Isaw and a guard therefor, and means in part common to both and in part individual to each for moving them toward and from Work on the machine, the part of the moving means individual to the guard having locking connections for temporarily retaining it in fixed position against the action of the saw on the Work prior to the engagement of the saw With the Work. y

6. A sawing machine provided With a saw and a guard therefor, and manipulating means for andI common s to the saw and guard for moving them toward and from Work located on themachine, said manipulating means including separate and independent connections 4to the saw and guard respectively, with the connections timedin operation to moverfthe guard and saw in sequence by a progressive movement of the manipulating `means Wit-h the guard completing its movement toward the Work prior to the starting of the saw toward the `Work, and means for locking the guard Whenin its position over the saw, said locking means being actuatedso as to lock thefguard before anyimovement of thesaw.l i j f 7. A sawing machine providedV with a saiv and` alguard therefor, manipulating means for the savv and guard forirst moving the guard over Work'located on the machine, and after the guard has completed its movement, then starting` the saw toward the Work, and locking meansv for holding the guard when in its position over the saw, said `locking `means being automatically `actuated so las to lock the guard'before `any movement of the saw takes place.

8. A sawing `machine provided With a savv and a gna-rd therefor, manipulating means yfor thesavv and guard for first moving the guard over Work located on the ma chine, and after the guard has-completed its movement, ,then starting the saw toward the Work, locking means :tor holdingthe guard when in its positionover the` saw, said locking-means being automatically actuated sonas to` lock the guard before any movement of the sa-Wtakes place, and resilient means placed vunder tension when they guard is in locked position over thesavv, whereby when the locking `means is released the resilient means will move the guard away,

from the Work 'y v 9. A `savving "machine .provided A.with a saw and a guard therefor,- and means for moving the saw and the guard toward and from Work on the machine, said means including means timed to cause the guard to clamp the Workand-lock the` guard before any movement of thesaw toward the Work takes place. l

10. A sawing machine providedyvvith a saw and a guardtherefor, both movable toward kand from vvork located on the machine, the guardlhav'ing means for causing its movement into clamping engagement With` the work andthere Vtemporarily locking it, and the savvhaving means for mov-v ing `itfafter the guard vhas jbeenlocked to-` Ward the .Work and timedA to move toward the work after the guard has clamped it andVV to recede from the work'before the guard moves away from the work.;

11. A sawing machine provided with a saw' guardrmovable into and out ofV engagement with work on the machineV andrpro vided with vmeans forpositively locking the guard in temporary clamping engagement with the work with'the clamping .actionY in opposition to the cuttingaction of thev saw on the work and resilient means placedunder tension when the guard is in clampingy engagement with the work, whereby when 'thelocking means is released the guard is caused to autorr'latically'move` away Jfrom the'work. f 'Y 12. A sawing machine-provided with' a work support, `a saw movable towardand fromV work on the support, and a'A guard movable inopposition to the movement of the-saw into clamping engagementwiththe work. said sa'w andV guard having means individual thereto and other'means operating in common on the individual means' for impartingv thenamed movements vin timed Vrelation to cause theguard to clamp the work before theV sawV partakes of any movement whatsoever;

- 13. A` sawing machine provided with a `worksupport,'a Saw movable toward and from Work while onv the Ysupportfa` guard for `the saw movableV toward andfrom the work' into and out of covering relation to the saw, and meansfor causing the' full movement Vof the guard toward thevwork to precede the movement" of the saw Y toward the work, and the full movement of the saw from' the work to precede movement of the guard from'lthe work.

14. A sawing machine comprising 'a Work support, a saw movable toward and 'rom'the work, a guard movable toward and from the' work, and actuating means for causing `thenamed movements of the saw and guard comprising a device'underthe control of an operator, connections from'the device to the saw for moving the latter to# wardV and'from the work, and other connections separatefrom the saw 'movingconned o tions Vand extending-from the device 'to the'k guard, said last named Connectionsincludingra sellf-locking'portion anda? throw'otf portion with" the parts-timedlin actionto cause the guard to engage the-'work and lock in clamping relation thereto" andv 'the saw to 'then'env'gagetheworh and'the parts to' operate inthe reverse order?V on vthe return ofthe device controlledby theV ope'rator to the( first' position.

15.v Ina sawing machine, a sav'having'a courseo'f travel through' workffirstin' a toi cover 'thesaw' throughout vthe *fullfeXten-t' engagement [with ofvtravel of the saw while engaging the work. j l

16. In a sawing machine, a support .for the work, aV saw normally hidden below the work supporting surface of the support and having a course of travel upwardly through and crosswise of the work, and a guard movable toward the work into holding relation thereto in opposition to the movement ofthe saw through the work, saidV guard being of a llength to cover the saw during and throughout the saw upwardly 17. In a sawing machine, asupport Jfor the work, a saw normally hidden below the work supporting surface of the supportV and having a course of travel upwardly through and crosswise `oi: the work, and a guard movable toward the work tion thereto in opposition to the movement of -the sawl through the work, said guard being of alength to cover the saw during vand throughout the full extentof travel of the saw upwardly through and. crosswise of the work, and means having connections'with the saw and withA the guard timed in operation to complete the movement oi" the guard into iiXed holding relation to the work before the saw engages the work and to retain the holdingposition until the saw `has been withdrawn to its firstposition.

full extent of travel ofthe Y through and crosswise of theV work.

into holding relaA saw and a `guard therefor, manipulating means for moving the saw and `guard toward work located on the machine, means for locking the guard when Vin covering rela tion over the saw, and means independent of said locking means for raising the guard fromV the work when released Jfrom said locking means.

19.*A sawing machine provided with a saw and a guard therefor, a treadle, connections 'to the guard controlled by the'treadle for moving the guard the saw, other connections also-controlled by the treadle 'for moving the saw into engagement with the work, and means whereby the full power oi'the treadle isutilized to first operateV the guard and when'A the guard is moved into position the full power of the threadle isV then used to4 operate the' saw, both operations being independent but' produced by the progressive movements of the treadle. Y l

20. A sawingv machine'providedV with ai saw and Va guard therefona treadle, connections to the guard controlled by the tre'a'dlef onits "initial movement for moving the i guard -into"position over the, sannandV other connections controlled by the treadle on its second movement for moving the saw into the work,V whereby' the treadle effects `-fthe movements `-orf ythe guard into position 'over and saw in sequence by two different operations so as to insure the full pressure ofthe foot for each operation.

21. A sawing machine provided with a saw anda guard therefor, a treadle, connections to the guard controlled by the treadle for moving the guard into position over the saw, other connections also controlled by the treadle for moving the saw into engagement with the worln the connectionsv to the guard including means for locking the latter in its active position, the actuation of the guard and saw by the treadle being timed to act in sequence, with the full movement of the guard completedy and the guard locked in position before any movement of the treadle effects the movement of thefsaw, thereby releasing the fullfootpressure on the treadleto act on they connections lin mov-y ing the saw.

22. A sawing machine comprising a saw table with means for positioning the work thereon, a saw Amounted for movement toward and from work on the table, a saw guard movable toward and from the work on the table and when moved toward the vwork engaging and clamping the latter and then positioned to bein the path of the saw engaging the work to cover said saw, a manipulating` member under the control oli an operator, connections between the manipulating member and the saw for causing movements of the latter toward the work, rock arms withone connected to the guard for actuating the latter and the other having connection with the manipulating mein.- ber for actuation by the latter, a link connection between the rock arms with one of the rock arms and the link movable into locking alinement when the guard is in engagement with they work, and means for throwing the second-named rock arm and the manipulating member out of connection when the guard `is in locked position, the manipulating member being timed in relationv to the saw and guard to cause the movement ofthe guard to locked position prior to the movement of the saw into/engagement with the work. y l 23. A sawing machine provided with a saw having means for moving it toward and from work located on the machine, and a guard for the saw having means -for moving it toward and from the work located on the machine and including a link connected at one end to the guard, a rock arm connected to the other end of the link, a shaft carrying the rock arm, a treadle lever, gearing between the treadle lever and the shaft carrying the rock `arm, clutch means between the rock arm and the shaft carrying it, and a wedge device in position to engage the rock arm and disengage the clutch means when the rock arm and link are in substantial alinement.

241. A sawing machine provided with a tween the rock arm and the shaft carrying it, and a wedge devicein position to engage the rock arm' and disengage the clutch means when the rock arm and link are in substantial alinement, the rockarm having a spring associated therewith yieldable to the action of thev wedge device and normally tending to maintain the clutch inthe en- A gaged position.

25. In asawing machine, a saw having means for moving it toward and from work located on the machine, a tieadlelever, connections between `the treadle lever and saw for feeding the latter to the work, said conneetions including gearing with one member in the form of a gear segment movable with the treadle, a guard for the saw movable toward and from the work located on the machine, and means for operating the guard bythe treadle, comprising a rock arm connected to the guard, a link connected at one end. to they rock arm, another rock arm connected to the other end of the link, a rock shaft carrying the second named rock arm, clutch connections between the second named rock arm and the rock shaft, gear connections between the rock shaft and the gear segment, and means to open the clutch when the second named rock arm and link are alined.

26. In a sawing machinela saw having means for moving it toward and from work located on the machine, a treadle lever, connectionsbetween the treadle lever and saw for feeding the latter to the work, said connections including gearing with one member in the form of a gear segment movable with the treadle. a guard for the saw movable toward and from the work located on the machinen and means for operating the guard by the treadle, comprising a rock arm connected to the guard, a link connected at one end to the rock arm, another rock arm connected to the other end of the link, a rock shaft carrying the second named rock arm, clutch connections between the second named rock arm and the rock shaft, gear connections between the rock shaft and the gear segment, and means for moving said rock arm to open the clutch when the second named rock arm and link are alined, the gear segment and gear connected to the saw for feeding it being related to cause the movement of the guard into'locked guard- BFV ing` positionv before the saw is fed to th'e work.

27. In a sawing machine, a saw having means for moving it toward andfrom work located on themachine, a treadle lever, connections between thc treadle lever and saw for feeding the latter to the work, said connections including gearing with one member in the form of a gear segment movable with the treadle, a guard for the saw movable toward and from the work located on the machine, and means for operating the guard by the treadle, comprising a rock arm connected to the guard, a link connected at one end to the rock arm, another rock arm connected to the other end of the'link, a rock shaft carrying'the second named rock arm, clutch connections between the second named rock arm and the rock shaft, gear connections between the rock shaft and the gear segment, means for moving said rock arm toV open the clutch when the second named rock arm and link arefalined, the gear segment and gear connected to the saw for feeding it being related to cause the movement of the guard into locked guard ing position before the saw is fed to the work, throw-off means for breaking the lock of the guard, and means associated with the saw v feeding means for causing the operationof the lock throw-off means on the return of the saw to normal position.

28. In a sawing machine, a saw having means for moving it toward and from work located on the machine, a treadle lever, con# nections between the treadle lever and saw Y for feeding the latter to the work, said connections including gearing with one member in the form of a gear segment movable with the treadle, a guard for the saw movable toward and from the work located on the, machine, and means for operatingthe guard by the treadle, comprising a rock armr connected to'the guard, a link connected at one end to the rockrarm, another rock arm connected to the other end of the link, a

rock shaft carrying the second named rockA arm, clutch connections between the second named rock arm and the rock shaft, gear connections between the rock shaft and the .means including a locking gear segment, means formoving said rock arm to open the clutch when the second named rock arm andV` link are alined, the

turn ofthe saw to normal position, said .throw-off means comprising a rockable arm movable by the feed of the saw, a notched bar connected to and movable with the arm, and a pin on Athe link inthe path of the Vnotched bar. Y g v y Y '29, In aY sawingmachine, a saw having.

means for moving it toward and from' work l'located on the machine, a guardmovable toward-and from said' work, a treadle, connections betweenthe treadle and the saw for feeding the latter to the work, means for operating the guard from the treadle, said device lfor the guard vfor holding it inV its active position, andV a throw-off means for breaking said lockingdevice, said throw-off means being actuated by the return of the saw to normalV position. 30.111 a sawing machine, a saw having causing the' opera-V tion of the lock throw-off means on the re-A means for moving it toward and from work located on Athe machine, a guard movable toward and from said work, a treadle, connections between said Vtreadle and the saw including a gear, and other connections between said treadle and the guard including another gear, said treadle having a gear which is normally in mesh with thek last mentioned gear and movable into meshing engagement with the first-mentioned gearto first move the guard to active position and then move the saw towards the work.v

In testimony thatV I Yclaim the foregoing as my own, I have hereto affixed mysignature in the presenceof two witnesses.

, JAMES MARSHALL LEAVER, yJr. Witnesses:

J. L. BANE, F. WALFORD. 

